It is thought that in the UK, 1 in 10 women may live with PCOS. Worldwide, it is thought that 70% of women with PCOS are undiagnosed. Raising awareness of the symptoms and supporting women with a diagnosis and treatment should be a healthcare priority. We hope this article helps a woman identify her symptoms and seek support.

What is PCOS?

Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) is a common hormonal disorder that affects women of reproductive age. It is characterized by a variety of symptoms and can have significant effects on a woman’s physical and emotional well-being.

What causes PCOS?

PCOS is believed to have a genetic component, although the exact cause is still unknown. It is thought to be related to an imbalance in the hormones that regulate the menstrual cycle, namely insulin and androgens (male hormones). This hormonal imbalance can lead to the formation of small cysts on the ovaries, hence the name polycystic ovarian syndrome.

What are the symptoms?

The symptoms of PCOS can vary greatly from woman to woman. Some may experience irregular periods, while others may have prolonged or heavy menstrual bleeding. Many women with PCOS also struggle with fertility issues due to irregular or absent ovulation. Other common symptoms include:

• weight gain
• acne
• excessive hair growth (hirsutism)
• thinning hair on the scalp

PCOS can also have long-term health implications. Women with PCOS are at a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure, and heart disease. Additionally, PCOS has been linked to an increased risk of endometrial cancer, although the connection is not fully understood.

How is PCOS diagnosed?

Diagnosing PCOS can be challenging because its symptoms can mimic those of other conditions. A healthcare provider will typically conduct a physical examination, review the patient’s medical history, and perform blood tests to measure hormone levels. An ultrasound may also be used to check for the presence of cysts on the ovaries. Sometimes the diagnosis is “clinical” because you have a cluster of symptoms that fit the picture of PCOS, even if some or all of your test results are otherwise normal. Some women also have “borderline” PCOS, which might not be entirely visible on ultrasound, but symptoms suggest PCOS is present.

Can PCOS be cured?

While PCOS cannot be cured, several treatment options are available to manage its symptoms and reduce the risk of complications. Lifestyle changes such as maintaining a healthy weight, eating a balanced diet, and exercising regularly can help regulate hormone levels and improve symptoms. Medications may sometimes be prescribed to regulate the menstrual cycle, reduce androgen levels, or treat specific symptoms like acne or excessive hair growth. There are treatment options to help improve quality of life and prevent the risk of future diseases, so speaking to a doctor is important.

Managing PCOS also requires regular monitoring of long-term health risks. Women with PCOS should have regular check-ups to monitor blood pressure, blood sugar levels, and cholesterol levels. This can help detect and manage any potential complications early on.

The emotional burden of PCOS

Living with PCOS can be challenging, both physically and emotionally. Many women with PCOS struggle with body image issues due to weight gain and excessive hair growth. The hormonal imbalances can also contribute to mood swings and depression. Seeking support from healthcare providers, therapists, and support groups can be beneficial in managing these emotional aspects of PCOS.

In conclusion, polycystic ovarian syndrome is a complex hormonal disorder that affects many women. While there is no cure, various treatment options are available to manage its symptoms and reduce the risk of complications. By adopting a healthy lifestyle and seeking appropriate medical care, women with PCOS can lead fulfilling lives and minimize the impact of this condition on their overall well-being.

Can you help?

Our clinic is run by women who understand the challenges of women’s health. If you want to seek a diagnosis and treatment, get in touch by phone or book online. Our doctors will be able to help with advice and testing as well as a referral to a gynaecologist for specialist treatment and further diagnosis.